Biomethane
Biomethane and where is it used?
What is biomethane?
Biomethane is produced by processing raw biogas, which is produced by fermenting biomass (e.g. renewable raw materials, agricultural residues, ...) and which contains methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as its main components. In order to bring the biogas to natural gas quality, which consists of more than 99% methane, the CO2 must be separated and conditioned. Afterwards, the upgraded raw biogas can be fed into the natural gas grid as biomethane and made available for energetic (electricity, heat, cooling generation) or material use (basic industry).
Europe's largest biomethane and biogas producer
Germany is Europe's largest biomethane and biogas producer with approx. 11 TWh and 1 billion m³ of biomethane and approx. 73 TWh of biogas respectively. The dynamic increase in production capacities was linked to the Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG), which above all promoted the coupled electricity and heat production of biomethane and biogas in combined heat and power plants, so that the energy market is now the most important sales market for this.
TWh biomethane
TWh biogas
Where is it used?
However, feeding biomethane into the natural gas grid enables even more versatile application possibilities, since biomethane, unlike biogas, is not tied to a specific location and can thus be procured on a mass-balance basis wherever there is a gas exit point. The decoupling of production and use through the well-developed natural gas grid in Germany enables biomethane to be used seasonally, especially during times when fluctuating renewable energies produce limited electricity. Biomethane can thus be used as a longer-term storage for renewable energies, decoupled from place and time. In addition, biomethane enables direct heat generation to supply inner cities with renewable heat, e.g. in existing heating and condensing boilers. The use of biomethane as a fuel in the transport sector is also very promising, as it can be used in natural gas vehicles without further conversion. The use in transport sectors without renewable alternatives also makes biomethane very valuable, e.g. in liquid form in heavy-duty transport, but also in the maritime sector, so that biomethane can contribute to the successful decarbonisation of these sectors.
In addition to the production and marketing of biomethane, it is also possible to recover and liquefy the CO2 contained in biogas using appropriate systems. The liquefied CO2 can then be sold to companies as a technical gas or used in the food industry (as an additive in beverages or for cooling and preservation). CO2 liquefaction leads to a reduction in CO2 emissions and thus to a significantly better CO2 balance of biomethane production.
Contact us
Uniper Biomethan GmbH
Franziusstr. 10
40219 Düsseldorf